The Green Climate Fund (GCF) was set up in 2010 and aims to promote the paradigm shift towards low-emission and climate-resilient development pathways by providing support to developing countries to limit or reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and to adapt to the impacts of climate change, taking into account the needs of those developing countries particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.

The Clean Technology Fund (CTF) is one of the two multi-donor trust funds within the wider Climate Investment Funds (CIFs).

The CTF was established in 2008 to provide emerging economies with scaled-up financing for the demonstration, deployment, and transfer of low-carbon technologies with a significant potential for long-term greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings. The CTF received USD 5.8 billion in commitments, to be deployed through six partner multilateral development banks (MDBs).

The Small Grants Program (SGP) is a corporate program of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) implemented by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) since 1992. GEF SGP grantmaking in over 125 countries promotes community-based innovation, capacity development, and empowerment of local communities and civil society organizations (CSOs) with special consideration for indigenous peoples, women, and youth.

The Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR), is one of three targeted programs that make up the Strategic Climate Fund (SCF) of the Climate Investment Funds (CIFs). It supports national governments in integrating climate resilience into development planning across sectors and stakeholder groups. It also provides funding to put these plans into action and pilot innovative public and private sector solutions to pressing climate-related risks.

It has four main objectives:

The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) is a global partnership of governments, businesses, civil society, and Indigenous Peoples focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, the sustainable management of forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (activities commonly referred to as REDD+).

The FCPF has two separate but complementary funding mechanisms — the Readiness Fund and the Carbon Fund.

The Forest Investment Program (FIP), is one of three targeted programs that make up the Strategic Climate Fund (SCF) of the Climate Investment Funds (CIFs).

The FIP addresses the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation by supporting developing countries’ efforts to reduce deforestation and forest degradation (REDD), while promoting sustainable forest management. FIP provides financing to developing countries for developing institutional capacity, and for public and private investments that are identified through REDD readiness strategies.

The Green for Growth Fund (GGF) is the first specialized fund to advance energy efficiency (EE) resource efficiency (REff) and renewable energy (RE) in Southeast Europe, including Turkey, as well as in the nearby European Eastern Neighborhood region and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Initiated by the European Investment Bank and KfW Development Bank, GGF is an innovative public-private partnership established to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions.

The Global Climate Partnership Fund (GCPF) is an innovative financing instrument that facilitates broad-based investments in climate-relevant projects in selected countries. To this end, it provides local financial institutions with credit lines, which these institutions then use to offer loans for investments in renewable energies, energy efficiency and the reduction of greenhouse gases. The fund aims to achieve significant leverage of public funds by mobilising additional financial resources from public and private investors.

The Adaptation Fund was established to finance concrete adaptation projects and programs in developing countries that are parties to the Kyoto Protocol and are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Adaptation Fund investments predominantly support food security, agriculture, water management, and disaster risk reduction projects for the promotion of community resilience. Uniquely, financing for the Adaptation Fund comes mainly from sales of certified emission reductions (CERs).

The Global Climate Change Alliance+ (GCCA+) is a flagship initiative from the European Union to help the worlds most vulnerable countries address climate change. The GCCA+ initiative contributes towards achieving the overall target of at least 20 % of the EU budget spent on climate action by 2020. With a focus on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS), the GCCA+ aims to help countries in their endeavors to adapt to and mitigate climate change by focusing on three priority areas:

The FCPF is a global partnership of governments, businesses, civil society, and Indigenous Peoples focused on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, forest carbon stock conservation, the sustainable management of forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (activities commonly referred to as REDD+). The FCPF has two separate but complementary funding mechanisms — the Readiness Fund and the Carbon Fund.

The BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes collaborates with forest countries around the world to reduce emissions from the land sector through smarter land use planning, policies, and practices. The ISFL is pioneering work that enables countries and private sector actors to adopt changes in the way farmers work on the ground to the way policies are made at the international level. This work supports sustainable landscapes, climate-smart land use, and green supply chains. ISFL provides countries with both updront finance and results-based finance.

In 2001, Parties to the UNFCCC established the Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) to support adaptation and technology transfer projects and programs that: are country-driven, cost-effective and integrated into national sustainable development and poverty-reduction strategies.

The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) is a global partnership program for disaster risk management and climate change adaptation managed by the World Bank on behalf of its members. GFDRR supports implementation of Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)’s successor, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Through its in-country work, GFDRR awards grants for specific activities in line with its seven operating principles:

The UK Sustainable Infrastructure Program (UK SIP) mobilizes strategic private sector investments in sustainable low carbon infrastructure, supporting countries in LAC to deliver their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement.

The Eastern Europe Energy Efficiency and Environment Partnership (E5P) is a EUR 200 million multi-donor fund that encourages municipal investments in energy efficiency and environmental projects in the Eastern partnership region. The fund also supports policy dialogue and regulatory reform. E5P participates in projects as a co-financier. Grants are used as an incentive for municipal clients to take loans provided by participating Implementing Agencies:

The Dutch Fund for Climate and Development (DFCD) focuses on several high impact investment themes, including climate-resilient water systems, water management and freshwater ecosystems, forestry, climate-smart agriculture, and restoration of ecosystems to protect the environment. The fund is structured with three separate but operationally linked facilities, each with a specific role across the project lifecycle.

The Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme

Launched in 2010, the Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR) is helping to establish carbon markets in developing, emerging and transition countries. The secretariat function is performed by the World Bank. Guided by the needs of the partner countries, the PMR is pursuing various approaches, such as the development of national emissions trading systems or new market instruments (new market mechanisms, CO2 taxes and national certification standards).

The Future Carbon Fund (FCF) is a trust fund established and managed by ADB on behalf of fund participants. The fund is a component of ADB's ongoing Carbon Market Program (CMP), which provides financial and technical support for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects.

The Pilot Auction Facility for Methane and Climate Change Mitigation (PAF) is an innovative, pay-for-performance mechanism developed by the World Bank Group to stimulate investment in projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maximizing the impact of public funds and leveraging private sector financing.

The Climate Change Fund (CCF) was established in May 2008 to facilitate greater investments in developing member countries (DMCs) to effectively address the causes and consequences of climate change, by strengthening support to low-carbon and climate-resilient development in DMCs.

The development objective of the Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa (SEFA) is to support sustainable private-sector led economic growth in African countries through the efficient utilization of presently untapped clean energy resources. SEFA has been designed to operate under three financing windows: project preparation, equity investments and enabling environment support.

SEFA operates through three components:

The JFJCM seeks to increase the sustainability of ADB-financed and administered projects through the use of advanced low carbon technologies. The use of grants under the JFJCM will demonstrate the effectiveness of the JCM and provide a source of additional funding to eligible ADB developing member countries (DMCs). The JFJCM will also offer the opportunity for recipients to engage in projects with strong development characteristics and long-term climate-change mitigation benefits.

The Danish Climate Investment Fund (KIF) has a dual purpose. Firstly, it will contribute to reducing climate impacts and global warming by investing in projects that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Secondly, the fund will invest in projects that will promote the transfer of Danish technology, thereby supporting Denmark’s leading position in this expanding market in developing countries and emerging markets. Its technology/sector focus is on small hydropower, geothermal, wind, solar, and biomass energy.

The Asia Pacific Disaster Response Fund (APDRF) provides incremental grant resources to developing member countries impacted by major natural disasters. Assistance is granted only if all three conditions are met:

• A natural disaster has occurred in a DMC
• The DMC has issued a statement of national emergency
• The United Nations humanitarian/resident coordinator has confirmed that the disaster was severe and has indicated a general amount of funding that would be required

EEP Africa provides early stage grant and catalytic debt financing for innovative clean energy projects, technologies and business models in Southern and East Africa. The immediate objective is to enhance clean energy access, development and investment, with a particular focus on benefitting vulnerable and underserved groups. EEP Africa focuses on three core activities:

The goal of the CDSF is to pool resources to contribute to sustainable development and, in particular, poverty reduction by preparing and implementing climate-resilient development programs that mainstream climate change information at all levels in Africa. The objective of the CDSF is to strengthen the institutional capacities of national and sub-regional bodies to formulate and implement effective climate-sensitive policies. CDSF is the investment arm of the ClimDev-Africa program. The CDSF has three focus areas:

Agriculture Fast Track (AFT) is a an Agriculture Project Preparation Facility aimed at reducing the cost of project preparation, which project sponsors may otherwise not be willing to offset. The AFT facilitates preparation of agricultural projects in Africa, especially those aimed at agriculture infrastructure development by providing grants to enhance generation of data and information that improve the quality of project preparation and make them bankable and attractive for funding by Development Finance Institutions, including agricultural finance organizations.

The Water Financing Partnership Facility (WFPF or the Facility) was established on 29 November 2006, to provide additional financial and knowledge resources from development partners to support the implementation of Asian Development Bank's (ADB) Water Financing Program. The facility will support the following priority thrusts embodied in ADB's Water Operational Plan 2011-2020:

Climate change is a major risk to good development outcomes, and the World Bank Group is committed to playing an important role in helping countries integrate climate action into their core development agendas. IFC began using blended concessional finance in 2005 to help investors manage the higher risks or uncertainties associated with new, unproven technologies or first-of-their kind projects. To make progress on the climate agenda, at a scale that is needed in a narrowing window of opportunity, private sector participation is essential.

The Climate Change Technical Assistance Facility (CCTAF) provides advance conditional funding for activities associated with the development of project ­based carbon assets (credits) under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI) instruments of the Kyoto Protocol.

This fund finances technical assistance operations in the ADB's developing member countries (DMCs).

The Asia-Pacific Climate Finance Fund (ACliFF) is a multi-donor trust fund established in April 2017. The objective of the fund is to support the development and implementation of financial risk management products that can help unlock capital for climate investments and improve resilience to the impact of climate change. Emphasis will be on financial risk management products that have been proven elsewhere, but are not yet widely commercially available in ADB's developing member countries (DMCs).

The IKI is a key element of Germany’s climate financing and the funding commitments in the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Initiative places clear emphasis on climate change mitigation, adaption to the impacts of climate change and the protection of biological diversity. The IKI aims to:

The Seed Capital Assistance Facility (SCAF) is a multi-donor trust fund managed by UNEP and backed by the German Federal Environment Ministry together with the British Department for International Development (DFID). It makes finance available during the development phase of projects being carried out in developing countries and emerging economies that are aimed at promoting the use of climate-friendly technologies (e.g. renewable energies, energy efficiency). The objective of these activities is to stimulate private investment.

The Urban Environmental Infrastructure Fund (UEIF) was established under the Urban Financing Partnership Facility in 2009. It aims to raise and invest co-financing from development partner agencies to support the implementation of Strategy 2020. The fund prioritizes: climate change mitigation and adaptation; urban environmental transportation services; urban environmental water and wastewater services; urban environmental solid waste management services; district heating and cooling services; and urban renewal.

The 2nd Danish Cooperation Fund for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Rural Areas is aimed at increasing the use of renewable energy in ADB’s developing member countries.

The Global Risk Financing Facility (GRiF) pilots and scales up support to strengthen the resilience of vulnerable countries to climate and disaster shocks. GRiF activities include:

The Global Innovation Lab for Climate Finance (the Lab) is a public-private initiative that aims to drive billions of dollars of private investment into climate change mitigation and adaptation in developing countries by fast-tracking the development of promising ideas to implementation-ready projects through identifying, developing, and piloting transformative climate finance instruments.

The Weather Risk Management Facility (WRMF) is a joint initiative by the World Food Programme (WFP) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) established in 2008 to reduce smallholders’ vulnerability to weather and other risks that limit agricultural production. It aims to encourage and protect investments in smallholder agricultural production, and enhance food security.

WRMF Activities:

The NEPAD Climate Change Fund was established in 2014 by the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency with support from the Government of Germany. The Fund offers technical and financial assistance to AU member states, Regional Economic Communities (RECs) and institutions that meet the eligibility criteria and the clearly defined targeted areas of support of the fund.

The AfDB Green Bond program facilitates the achievement of the Bank’s corporate priority of green growth through the financing of eligible climate change projects. Investors can make a difference with their investment by financing climate change solutions through AfDB’s Green Bonds. An amount equal to the net proceeds of AfDB’s Green Bonds are initially allocated to a sub-portfolio within the Treasury’s liquidity portfolio.

The Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) is a global knowledge and technical assistance program administered by the World Bank. It provides analytical and advisory services to low- and middle-income countries to increase their know-how and institutional capacity to achieve environmentally sustainable energy solutions for poverty reduction and economic growth. Supporting over a hundred activities in countries around the world at any given time, ESMAP is an integral part of the Energy and Extractives Global Practice of the World Bank.

CEFPF resources finance policy, regulatory, and institutional reforms that encourage clean energy (CE)/carbon capture and storage (CCS) development. Potential investments include:

1. Deployment of new CE/CCS technologies;
2. Projects that lower the barriers to adopting CE/CCS technologies, e.g., innovative investments and financing mechanisms, and bundling of smaller CE projects;
3. Projects that increase access to modern forms of clean and efficient energy for the poor; and
4. Technical capacity programs for CE/CCS.