The case study highlights how an appropriate and mutually agreeable roadmap of actions and their targeted implementation can assist Madagascar in coping with the main challenges of addressing the current national United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reporting requirements, including knowledge gaps and capacity building needs. These needs surfaced during the process of fulfilling the current reporting requirements. However, the design of the roadmap of actions also considered future needs arising from the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF). This case study describes the starting point of the roadmap of actions and explains how the approach chosen, the tools used, and sustained effort made it possible to overcome the country’s challenges. This, in turn, enhanced Madagascar’s “transparency” level. It also highlights the importance of developing sustainable in-house capacities for continuous future improvement.